Can I retire early in Luxembourg?

The tax code says yes loudly: hold for more than six months and gains are simply untaxed, with no wealth tax behind them. The cost of living answers back: about 32% over the EU average, pricing the €2,500 reference life at about €3,290 a month. It suits a large pot far better than a lean one.

Can an American or a Brit retire early in Luxembourg?

Yes. The door is 'Private reasons' residence: residence on your own resources for up to three years at a time, though the listed qualifying income is pensions and EU-earned income, so a pure portfolio case gets case-by-case scrutiny. The bar is resources at least the social minimum wage: €2,771/mo since June 2026, wage-indexed. An EU or EEA passport skips the visa question entirely: freedom of movement covers the move itself. Rules like these move. Confirm with the immigration authority before planning around them.

The Europe atlas

Luxembourg.

Hold six months, sell tax-free: on some of the priciest ground in the set.

Luxembourg will genuinely not tax your gains: hold past six months and selling ordinary holdings is tax-free, with no wealth tax and no exit tax behind it. The catch was never the code. It's the ground, about 32% over the EU average, which prices the €2,500 reference life at about €3,290 a month. Geoarbitrage in reverse: a wonderful place to be paid, an expensive place to be retired.

Price it in your money

Tell me where you live now and what you spend a month, and every cost here becomes your number: the same life, priced country by country, in your own currency.

Where you live now

You spend, per month

Shown in

A guide, not a quote. I move your monthly spend by each country’s official price level (Eurostat and the World Bank, whole-economy, EU-27 = 100). No exchange rates, so it stays in your own currency. But averages hide rent and the city you pick, and changing country is rarely a straight swap. Read these as the right ballpark, then price the real thing.

Cost of living

132

EU-27 = 100 · 2025. Living in Luxembourg runs about 32% pricier than the EU average.

63EU 100174

Eurostat (prc_ppp_ind) / World Bank, 2025, CC BY 4.0. Whole-economy price level. Country averages hide big regional and rent spread.

Lower tax if you holdNo wealth taxPrivate crypto gains can be exemptPassive-income visaGolden visa openPassport in ≤5 years

The same life, priced here

A €2,500 a month reference life runs about €3,290 a month here, roughly €39,480 a year, and a ×30 number near €1,184,000.

Price your own exit

The reference life the calculators use, scaled by the index above: the same whole-economy figure, a guide not a quote.

Where in Europe

The country, in one line

Verified 8 July 2026

Where it stands

EU · Schengen · the euro

The money

The euro

no FX risk on a euro budget

Language

Luxembourgish, French, German

Capital

Luxembourg City

Oceanic: mild, often wet, four gentle seasons.

Housing

To buy

€8,760/m²

flats only

To rent

€43.4/m²

in Luxembourg City, about €3,040/mo for 70 m²

Vs the EU

+78%

a roof here, against the EU-27 average

In Luxembourg, buy prices are up 65% since 2015 (+1.6% last year); rents up 15% since 2015.

Read these as the shape, not the price. Housing is the most divergent cost in Europe, and a national average buries the thing that actually decides it: the city, the street, new-build against old. Treat it as a ballpark, then price the real place. Not property or mortgage advice.

One home, two paths

Price buying against renting in Luxembourg.

Bring the purchase price and rent for one genuinely comparable home. I will not carry the Atlas averages into the calculator.

The calculator still works for Luxembourg, but it has no automated country rule yet. Choose Custom / anywhere and enter the local purchase costs yourself.

Open Buy or Rent?

Compare housing across the map

Buy price and rent: Deloitte Property Index 2025 (14th ed., 2024 data). Level vs the EU: Eurostat comparative price level for housing (prc_ppp_ind, EU-27 = 100, 2024). Trend: Eurostat house price index and actual-rentals index (2015 = 100, 2025).

What prices did here

Prices here rose 3.7% in the year to June 2026, faster than the euro area’s 2.8%. Since 2020 they’re up 26% in total, about 3.9% a year.

The €39,480 reference life this page prices today took about €31,438 in 2020 money.

Eurostat’s HICP, data through June 2026.

Your own number, restated at today’s prices in Luxembourg

How the money you live on is taxed

The Luxembourg result starts with the source of the money, not one national tax rate. Keep investment sales, cash income, pensions and company profit in separate calculations.

The full income picture

These are the usual rules for a resident unless a case says otherwise. A new-resident rule, tax wrapper or treaty may change one case without changing the others.

Securities and funds

0% after 6 months (sub-10% holding)

A minority listed-share or fund-unit gain is exempt after more than six months. A shorter holding enters the progressive bands, while a substantial holding has separate rules.

Listed shares 0% after 6 months (sub-10% holding): A private investor's realised gain on directly held listed shares is exempt once the shares have been held more than six months. This also requires that the holding is 10% or less of the company.
Fund and ETF units Exempt under the ordinary rule: Fund/ETF units are movable property taxed like shares. A resident private investor's redemption gain is exempt after six months' holding and speculation profit within six months.
Holding period and allowances Exempt under the ordinary rule: A categorical six-month holding-period exemption. The private investor's movable-property gain is fully untaxed once the asset is held more than six months (holding 10% or less). Within six months, total speculative gains under €500 a year stay exempt.
Losses Reduced rule: For this case, because long-term private gains are exempt, loss relief is narrow. A speculative loss (within-six-month disposal) can be set against speculative gains of the same year.
Foreign and US listings Exempt under the ordinary rule: A resident's gain on a foreign or US-listed share, or a US-domiciled ETF, is exempt on the same six-month basis. Luxembourg does not tax the long-term sale gain, so foreign-tax credit on the gain rarely arises (gains are residence-taxed and here untaxed).

Worth checking

Two tests matter: the six-month holding period and whether the person owned more than 10% of the company. The resident must evidence the acquisition date.

Dividends

Progressive on the 50%-taxable half

A qualifying dividend is 50% exempt and the balance enters the progressive income-tax bands. A Luxembourg payer also takes 15% withholding at source.

Luxembourg company dividend Taxable under the ordinary rule: A dividend from a Luxembourg company falls under 15% withholding at source (creditable, not final for a resident). A €1,500 (€3,000 joint) investment-income allowance further reduces the base.
Foreign listed-share dividend Progressive on the 50%-taxable half: A foreign dividend is reported and taxed at progressive rates. The 50% exemption still applies if the payer is a fully taxable capital company resident in another EU state or a treaty state.
EU or EEA company dividend Reduced rule: A distinct EU branch exists on the exemption side, not the rate side. The remaining 50% carries tax at progressive rates.
Third-country company dividend Reduced rule: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received. The treaty can change source-country tax and relief.
Passive or substantial holding Taxable under the ordinary rule: For dividend income there is no minority-vs-substantial rate split. The 15%-withholding tax-then-50%-exempt-progressive treatment applies no matter stake size.
Fund or ETF distribution Taxable under the ordinary rule: A distributing fund's payment to a resident is investment income taxed at progressive rates with the €1,500 allowance. The 50% dividend exemption is often unavailable because a qualifying retail fund (investment company/investment fund) is not a 'fully taxable capital company' of the qualifying kind.
New-resident treatment No separate rule: Luxembourg has no separate non-domicile or remittance-basis regime. A new resident is taxed on worldwide dividends (15% withholding tax plus progressive on the 50%-exempt amount) from the start of residence.

Worth checking

EU proceedings have questioned parts of Luxembourg's dividend-tax treatment. The qualifying-company test and foreign withholding credit remain the points to recheck.

Crypto

0% after 6 months (else speculation)

A private crypto gain is exempt after a holding period of more than six months. A shorter holding is speculative income taxed at the progressive rates, subject to the shared €500 annual exemption.

Sale for money 0% after 6 months (else speculation): The private investor's sale of crypto for fiat is exempt if the coins were held more than six months. Sold within six months it is speculation profit taxed at progressive rates.
Crypto-to-crypto exchange Exempt under the ordinary rule: A conversion of one cryptocurrency into another is a taxable disposal event of the coin given up. It follows the same six-month rule.
Spending crypto Taxable disposal (same 6-month rule): Paying for goods or services with crypto is a disposal of the coin used and is treated like any exchange. Exempt if held over six months, speculation profit if within six months (subject to the €500 de minimis).
Holding relief and losses Exempt under the ordinary rule: This case is exempt when the stated conditions are met. The holding period, asset type or treaty can change that result.
Staking and lending Miscellaneous income at progressive rates on receipt: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received.
Mining, validation and airdrops Taxable under the ordinary rule: Rewards are business income taxed at progressive rates with social contributions, given the infrastructure and organisation involved. For this case, airdrops received are taxable income on receipt at market value.
Private investor or business Private (6-month exemption or speculation) vs commercial (business income plus social): This line between a private investor and a commercial trader decides everything. A private holder gets the six-month exemption / speculation treatment.
New-resident treatment No safe answer yet: No safe answer is shown for this exact case yet. Check the facts and treaty before relying on a result.

Worth checking

From 2026, international reporting rules can send exchange data to the tax authority. Complete records remain important for sales, exchanges, payments and rewards.

All 34 crypto rules, side by side

Pensions

Income-tax bands

A foreign occupational or private pension enters the progressive income-tax bands. The treaty can instead give the source country the taxing right.

Luxembourg pension Progressive 0–45.78% with a minimum pension-expense allowance and a pension tax credit (minimum wage): The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received.
Foreign state or social-security pension Income-tax bands: A foreign state or social-security pension received by a Luxembourg resident is in principle taxable in Luxembourg as progressive income. Most treaties assign social-security pensions to the paying (source) state. Check the treaty for source tax and Luxembourg's relief.
Foreign occupational or private pension Income-tax bands: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received. The treaty can change source-country tax and relief.
Foreign government or civil-service pension Special rule: A foreign government/civil-service pension follows its own treaty article, which as a rule reserves taxation to the paying state. This applies unless the pensioner is a Luxembourg national and resident.
Foreign pension lump sum Special rule: A Luxembourg supplementary occupational pension is typically taxed at the employer/fund level rather than in full at the beneficiary's progressive rate. A domestic lump sum is favourably treated.
Special foreign-pension rule No separate rule: Overseas pensions are ordinary progressive income with treaty relief. This impatriate regime is employment-only and does not touch pensions.

Worth checking

The foreign-pension answer is treaty-first. Whether Luxembourg taxes progressively or exempts-with-progression depends entirely on the specific treaty article (state vs occupational vs government pension).

If you own a company

Progressive on the 50%-taxable half

A Luxembourg company pays combined company taxes that reach 23.87% in Luxembourg City. A dividend to the owner then carries 15% withholding and progressive personal tax, with a 50% exemption where the payer qualifies.

Company profit Taxable under the ordinary rule: A Luxembourg company pays corporate income tax of 14% (taxable income under €175,000) or 16% (over €200,000) after the 2025 one-point cut.
Distribution from a Luxembourg company 15% dividend withholding tax plus progressive personal tax on 50%-exempt dividend: A distribution from the owner's Luxembourg company bears the 15% dividend withholding at source. The owner then reports it and carries tax at progressive rates on 50% of the dividend, with the 15% credited.
Distribution from a foreign company Progressive on the 50%-taxable half: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received. The treaty can change source-country tax and relief.
Foreign entity type Special rule: Luxembourg looks to the entity's legal nature. An opaque capital company (public or private company and comparable foreign forms) pays dividends taxed as investment income.
Ownership threshold Special rule: A 'substantial participation' is more than 10% of capital held (with the household) in the five years before a sale. It makes the stake sale gain taxable even long-term at half rate and enables the immigration step-up.
Sale of your company stake Reduced rule: Selling a more than 10% participation held more than six months is taxed as extraordinary income at half the average combined rate (max 22.89% including solidarity). A €50,000 (€100,000 joint) allowance reduced by exemptions used in the prior 10 years.
Salary or director fee Income-tax bands: A salary from the owner's company is employment income at progressive rates with employee social contributions (about 12.45%). Directors' fees (tantiemes) for supervisory/board duties fall under a 20% withholding for non-residents and are a separate treaty category from ordinary salary and from dividends.
Social contributions and remuneration risk Self-employed or managing-associate social contributions on business income: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested each year.
Running the company from Luxembourg Special rule: If the owner runs a foreign company from Luxembourg (board decisions, key management in Luxembourg). The company's place of effective management can shift to Luxembourg, making it Luxembourg tax-resident on worldwide profit, or create a Luxembourg permanent establishment taxable on attributable profit.
Controlled foreign company rules Special rule: Luxembourg's controlled foreign companies rule can attribute to a controlling Luxembourg resident the undistributed non-distributed income of a low-taxed controlled foreign company arising from non-genuine arrangements. For this case, it is primarily a corporate rule (control plus effective tax below half the Luxembourg rate).
New-resident treatment No separate rule: The impatriate regime covers qualifying employment remuneration only, not distributions or stake sales. The one genuine newcomer benefit for an owner is the immigration step-up on a substantial participation (see the owner-stake sale and arrival-value cases).

Worth checking

Place of effective management and a taxable business presence are the two main owner-mover questions. Running an old company from Luxembourg can bring either rule into play.

Review the company and your personal position together before the move.

Interest and cash

20% final withholding (Luxembourg payer)

Qualifying Luxembourg-paid interest can carry a final 20% withholding charge. Other interest enters the progressive calculation, subject to the shared allowance.

Luxembourg bank or bond interest 20% final withholding (Luxembourg payer): Interest paid or attributed by a Luxembourg paying agent to a resident individual falls under a 20% withholding that is liberating. It is the final tax and the interest is not included in the individual's taxable income (so it never meets the progressive schedule).
Foreign bank or bond interest Different rules apply: Interest from a paying agent in another EU/EEA state is not automatically within the relief. A resident can elect the same final 20% rate by filing the prescribed declaration by 31 December after the income year.
Allowances and extra charges Reduced rule: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested each year.
New-resident treatment No safe answer yet: No safe answer is shown for this exact case yet. Check the facts and treaty before relying on a result.

Worth checking

The final 20% election removes qualifying interest from the progressive base. Without it, the top combined rate can reach about 45.78%.

Rent

Progressive 0–45.78% on net rent after depreciation (2–6%) and expenses

Luxembourg rent enters the progressive bands after expenses and depreciation. Foreign rent is normally taxed where the property sits and affects the Luxembourg rate.

Property in Luxembourg Progressive 0–45.78% on net rent after depreciation (2–6%) and expenses: For this case, rent from a Luxembourg property is net rental income taxed at progressive rates. Depreciation (2–6% depending on the building's age and acquisition date), loan interest and maintenance are deductible.
Property abroad Special rule: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested each year. The treaty can change source-country tax and relief.
EU or EEA property branch No safe answer yet: No safe answer is shown for this exact case yet. Check the facts and treaty before relying on a result.
Rental deductions Depreciation 2–6%, loan interest, maintenance deductible: Depreciation at 2–6% (higher accelerated rates for newer/energy-efficient buildings under time-limited incentives), mortgage interest and maintenance costs are deductible from gross rent. The effective taxable rent is materially lower than the headline.

Worth checking

This foreign-rent answer is treaty-mechanical (exemption-with-progression) and does not change with EU status.

Property gains

Exempt (main home)

The principal residence is exempt. An investment property sold within 2 years is speculation profit at progressive rates.

Luxembourg main home Exempt (main home): The sale or exchange of the resident's principal residence in Luxembourg is exempt from capital gains tax, subject to genuine occupation conditions. This is the standard main-home relief and applies no matter holding period.
Luxembourg investment or second property Reduced rule: The investment or second property sold within 2 years of acquisition is speculation profit taxed at full progressive rates. The gain is 'benefice de cession' taxed at half the global rate (max about 21% including solidarity), reduced by a €50,000 (€100,000 joint) allowance available once per 10-year period.
Foreign property Special rule: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the asset is sold or otherwise disposed of. The treaty can change source-country tax and relief.
Foreign EU or EEA property branch No safe answer yet: No safe answer is shown for this exact case yet. Check the facts and treaty before relying on a result.
Foreign third-country property branch No safe answer yet: No safe answer is shown for this exact case yet. Check the facts and treaty before relying on a result.
Main-home conditions Principal residence exempt on genuine-occupation conditions: The exemption requires the property to be the resident's actual principal residence. Recent-occupation conditions can matter when the owner moved out shortly before sale.
Starting value after a move Special rule: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the asset is sold or otherwise disposed of.
New-resident treatment No safe answer yet: No safe answer is shown for this exact case yet. Check the facts and treaty before relying on a result.

Worth checking

A property sale within the speculative period can remain taxable, and temporary rate relief has changed recently. Recheck the current holding-period and rate rules before a sale.

Royalties

Income-tax bands

Foreign royalties are usually taxed in the residence state, with credit for source-country tax permitted by the treaty. The intellectual-property box is a company regime, not personal relief.

Luxembourg royalties Income-tax bands: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received.
Foreign royalties Income-tax bands: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received. The treaty can change source-country tax and relief.
Which rights qualify Copyright, patent, trademark and know-how licensing all ordinary income at individual level: The rate line above gives the resident result. The rule is tested when the income is received.
Passive or active Passive investment income vs business income (plus social contributions): This reclassification line is whether the individual is a passive licensor or carries on a profession/enterprise. A professional author, artist or inventor exploiting their work commercially earns business income with social contributions.
Social contributions and value-added tax Special rule: A self-employed author/licensor providing services may owe self-employed social contributions and, above the value-added tax registration threshold, must charge and account for Luxembourg value-added tax on licensing services.

Worth checking

The individual royalty picture is thinly documented on official pages (the intellectual property-box guidance is corporate).

If you still work

Progressive 0–45.78%

Employment income is progressive (0–45.78%) with employee social contributions (about 12.45%). A foreign employer or remote work raises an employer-taxable business presence / 183-day question.

Employment in Luxembourg Progressive 0–45.78%: Salary for work in Luxembourg uses progressive rates through monthly payroll withholding. Employee social contributions are roughly 12.45%, subject to the applicable ceiling.
Remote work for a foreign employer Special rule: A resident working remotely for a foreign employer is generally taxable in Luxembourg on the employment income for days worked in Luxembourg. The foreign employer risks creating a Luxembourg permanent establishment or payroll/social-security obligations.
Self-employment and consulting Progressive 0–45.78% on net profit plus self-employed social contributions (about 24–25%): Self-employment/consulting profit carries tax at progressive rates on net income, with mandatory self-employed social contributions (pension about 16%, sickness, dependency) on the professional income. A materially higher social-charge share than an employee.
Director fees Special rule: Directors' fees (tantiemes) for board/supervisory functions fall under a 20% withholding and are a distinct treaty category. Taxable in the state where the company is resident, separate from salary and dividends.
New-resident worker rule Special rule: The impatriate regime is relevant to a new resident who takes qualifying inbound employment. From tax year 2025 it was reformed to a flat exemption of 50% of gross annual remuneration.

Worth checking

The remote-foreign-employer taxable business presence / EU-telework thresholds are moving and employer-side.

One layer stays off this page: the tax taken inside a fund before its dividend ever reaches you. Everything above is the tax after it.

The withholding guide explains that layer The Domicile Tax prices it on your pot

Two terms that matter in Luxembourg

Speculative gain

A private securities gain realised within the short holding period. Luxembourg taxes it differently from a qualifying long-held minority position.

Substantial participation

A holding of more than 10%. It changes Luxembourg's disposal rule and can keep a later sale taxable after the short holding period.

Your first tax year and starting values

Two dates matter: when your new country starts taxing you, and which value it uses to work out a later gain. Check both before you move.

When residence starts: A continuous stay of more than six months generally establishes a usual abode and hence residence. A resident pays tax on worldwide income from the moment residence is established.
The arrival year: Luxembourg taxes the resident part of the arrival year on worldwide income. The non-resident part is limited to Luxembourg-source income.
Dual residence: If the former country still claims residence, the treaty tie-breaker decides. A retained home, family location, centre of vital interests, habitual abode and nationality can matter.

Listed shares and funds, Crypto: No gain basis needed for the ordinary case
The ordinary case does not need a sale basis because the gain is exempt or outside the normal gain calculation. A special case can differ.
Owner-company stake: Market value only when the conditions are met
Market value can become the new starting value only when the stated conditions are met. Otherwise the original purchase cost continues.
Property: Original purchase cost
The original purchase cost continues after the move. A later taxable gain can therefore include growth from before residence began.

These answers carry dates because the rules move.

See what changed in the atlas changelog Look up a term in the glossary

Plain-language key

Withholding tax: Tax taken before the money reaches you, usually in the country where the payment comes from.
Tax credit: Tax already paid abroad can reduce the bill where you live. The reduction is usually capped at the local tax on that same income.
Original purchase cost: What you paid for the asset. A market-value reset replaces that figure with the asset's value when you move.
Income-tax bands: The income is added to your other taxable income. Higher total income can push part of it into a higher band.
Permanent establishment: A taxable business presence. Running a foreign company from your new home can create one even if the company remains registered abroad.

This gives you the starting rule, not your final bill. The country paying the money, your treaty, account, holding period, residence dates and activity can change the result.

The system around it

Wealth & exit tax

The wealth tax on individuals was abolished in 2006, and there's no exit tax on ordinary portfolios.

The catch

The catch isn't the tax code. It's the ground. See the cost figure above: geoarbitrage in reverse.

Inheritance & gifts

Close family is largely exempt: nothing on direct-line statutory shares or anything passing to a spouse or long-registered partner; only extra portions willed in the direct line are taxed, from 2.5%.

Worth watching

2026 was a declared 'tax stability' budget: nothing moved for investors; a broader income-tax reform is pencilled for 2028.

Same pattern elsewhere

The terms, defined

Capital gains tax

Entry rules

Your passport

Can you actually move here?

Hold an EU or EEA passport and the door isn't the question: freedom of movement covers the move itself. The clocks and the tax-residency rules below still run for you.

With your passport, skip the doors: the clocks and the tax-residency rules are what matter for you.

No EU passport means one of the doors on the left: each checked against the authority that issues it.

The route in

'Private reasons' residence

resources at least the social minimum wage: €2,771/mo since June 2026, wage-indexed

Golden visa

Open

Open, capital-markets flavoured: €500k into a Luxembourg company, €3m into a management structure, or a €20m deposit; property never counts.

The passport

5 yrs

permanent residency at 5 yrs · dual allowed · Luxembourgish (spoken A2 / listening B1) + a civics course

When you become tax-resident

6 months: a stay over six consecutive months, or simply a permanent home here

Luxembourg's own-resources route exists and the clocks are short: five years to permanent residency and a passport alike, dual citizenship fine since 2008. The honest hurdles are two: the income bar is wage-indexed and climbing (€2,771 a month since June 2026), and the language of naturalisation is Luxembourgish. Not the French you'd get by on.

Keeping the permit: more than six consecutive months away and the permit goes back

Worth watching

Everything here is wage-indexed: the income bar moved in June 2026 and the next indexation tranche is projected for late 2026; re-check the figure before filing.

Check it yourself: Guichet.lu: residence for private reasons · PwC: Luxembourg tax residence

Getting-in rules checked July 2026. They move faster than tax law: confirm the current rule with the authority before you plan a move around it. Education, not immigration advice.

Health

State insurance follows work: a non-working resident buys in voluntarily through the CCSS at roughly €155 a month (2026, wage-indexed), with a three-month wait unless recent cover carries over.

Private cover: comprehensive cover valid in Luxembourg is required for the permit.

Healthcare access checked July 2026. Systems are stable but details shift: confirm before you rely on them. Education, not health-insurance advice.

Your pension, the official number

This country’s official, free place to check where your pension stands: CNAP .

What it’s worth to an early exit: The Pension Bridge

Common questions

Can I retire early in Luxembourg?: The tax code says yes loudly: hold for more than six months and gains are simply untaxed, with no wealth tax behind them. The cost of living answers back: about 32% over the EU average, pricing the €2,500 reference life at about €3,290 a month. It suits a large pot far better than a lean one.
Does Luxembourg have a wealth tax or an exit tax?: The wealth tax on individuals was abolished in 2006, and there's no exit tax on ordinary portfolios.
Can a private crypto gain be exempt in Luxembourg?: A private crypto gain is exempt after a holding period of more than six months. A shorter holding is speculative income taxed at the progressive rates, subject to the shared €500 annual exemption.
Can an American or a Brit retire early in Luxembourg?: Yes. The door is 'Private reasons' residence: residence on your own resources for up to three years at a time, though the listed qualifying income is pensions and EU-earned income, so a pure portfolio case gets case-by-case scrutiny. The bar is resources at least the social minimum wage: €2,771/mo since June 2026, wage-indexed. An EU or EEA passport skips the visa question entirely: freedom of movement covers the move itself. Rules like these move. Confirm with the immigration authority before planning around them.
How long until a Luxembourg passport?: 5 years of legal residence is the general naturalisation rule, with Luxembourgish (spoken A2 / listening B1) + a civics course. Dual citizenship is allowed. Permanent residency usually comes at 5 years.

Run your own numbers.

The Exit Calculator

Years to your number, at your savings rate.

Open

Where You Live

What an annual wealth tax does to the maths, deliberately simplified.

Open

The Geoarbitrage Map

The same life, priced across 58 countries.

Open

The brokers

Seven of the nine brokers on the broker guide advertise accounts here.

None of them does your tax paperwork here: every row means filing yourself; the guide shows what that involves.

The broker guide: all nine, and your bank The Broker Bill: your yearly bill, filtered to this country

The whole system (wrappers, funds, withdrawal, the blank page) is in the guide: The European FIRE guide

None of this is tax or investment advice: it's education, kept deliberately at the level that survives fact-checking. Rules shift with every budget round; the specifics of your situation belong with a licensed adviser in your country. I'm happily not one.

This page was last verified against official sources on 8 July 2026. What's changed on the map

Sources: check it yourself

Income and cross-border tax (16)

Open the sources behind each topic

How the money you live on is taxed

Your first tax year and starting values

Interest and cash

Keep it honest

Know a figure here that’s wrong or out of date? Point me to the line and a source: every correction gets checked, and it’s how the map stays right.

Report a correction

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